Published on Dec 6, 2019
JVP

JVP has three upward deflections and 2 downward deflections

Upward deflections : a,c and v wave

Downward deflections:  x and y

  • a wave  - Due to atrial contraction
  • c wave – Due to bulging of tricuspid valves
  • v wave – Due to systolic filling of the atrium
  • x descent – Due to atrial relaxation
  • y descent – Due to early ventricular filling
  • Prominent a wave is seen in Pulmonary hypertension, tricuspid regurgitation
  • Absent a wave is seen in atrial fibrillation
  • Absent x descent seen in atrial fibrillation and tricuspid regurgitation
  • Prominent v wave is seen in right ventricular failure and  tricuspid regurgitation Rapid y descent is seen in tricuspid regurgitation and right ventricular failure
  • Slow y descent is seen in tricuspid stenosis